Thursday, February 26, 2015
Knee joint different ligaments Functions
- The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the ligaments inside the knee joint. It runs diagonally connecting the anterior (front) of the tibia to the posterior (back) of the femur. This ligament helps to stabilise the knee joint by controlling backward and forward movements of the knee. It stops the tibia bone from moving forwards in front of the femur.
- The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is the other ligament inside the knee joint. It also runs diagonally across the knee connecting the posterior (back) of the tibia to the anterior (front) of the femur. The ACL and PCL cross each other inside the knee joint and some people call them the cross ligaments. The PCL helps to control the forward and backward movements of the knee.
- The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of the ligaments on the outside of the knee joint. It runs between the femur and the tibia on the inner side of the knee. It helps to protect and stabilise the knee joint against any blows or forces that may be directed on to the outer side of the knee. It helps to limit the amount that the knee moves from side to side.
- The lateral collateral ligament (LCL) is the other main ligament on the outside the knee joint. It runs between the femur and the fibula on the outer side of the knee. It helps to protect and stabilise the knee joint against any blows or forces that may be directed on to the inner side of the knee. This ligament also helps to limit the amount the knee moves from side to side.
The knee joint is surrounded by a protective joint capsule. This is lined by a special membrane called the synovial membrane. The synovial membrane produces synovial fluid which helps to lubricate and reduce friction within the knee joint. There are also muscles that help to support the knee joint. The main ones are the quadriceps (front thigh muscles) and hamstrings (rear thigh muscles) in the legs.
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